Over-the-counter medicine is not always safe to take

Over-the-counter (OTC) medications are a convenient solution for managing common ailments like coughs, colds and congestion. However, improper use can lead to unintended side effects – or even harm.

People are encouraged to approach OTC medications with caution and informed decision-making.

“Patients may not know what the active ingredients are in each medication,” said Stetson Potrykus, pharmacy resident. “This can lead to taking multiple products with overlapping ingredients, which increases the risk of side effects, by raising the overall dose.”

Many OTC medications are combination products designed to target multiple symptoms. While helpful, these products require careful label reading to ensure safe use.

“The key is to narrow down the symptoms you have and select a medication that addresses those symptoms specifically,” said Potrykus. “That approach reduces the risk of taking unnecessary ingredients and minimizes side effects.”

To get the most benefit from OTC medications, while minimizing risks, the following is recommended:

• Identify symptoms – Select a medication designed for specific needs.

• Check the labels – Avoid products with duplicate active ingredients, to reduce the risk of overuse.

• Use combination products carefully – Ensure they align with symptoms and avoid taking unnecessary ingredients.

While OTC medications are effective for short-term relief, they aren’t always the solution. Contact a healthcare provider if symptoms persist for more than a week; symptoms worsen despite OTC treatments; or if a person is unsure which medication is safe, particularly if there are underlying conditions or take prescription medications.

Taking these precautions can significantly reduce complications and ensure effective symptom management. For personalized advice, consult a healthcare provider.